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Home » Galaxy’s missing matter can be found – but now there’s too much
Science

Galaxy’s missing matter can be found – but now there’s too much

March 6, 2023No Comments1 Min Read
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The magnificent spiral galaxy M99 fills the frame of this NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image.  M99 ???  which is about 42 million light years from Earth in the constellation of Coma Berenices???  is a ???great design???  spiral galaxy, so called because of the well-defined and prominent spiral arms seen in this image.  M99 has been captured by Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 twice, helping astronomers study two entirely different astronomical phenomena.  The first set of observations aimed to explore a discrepancy between two different varieties of cosmic explosions;  novae and supernovae.  Novae, which are caused by interactions between white dwarfs and larger stars in binary systems, are much fainter than supernovae, which mark the catastrophic death of massive stars.  However, current astronomical theories predict that sudden and fleeting events could occur and shine with luminosities between those of novae and supernovae.  Although it has been described by astronomers as being shrouded in mystery and controversy, such an event has been observed in M99.  Astronomers turned to Hubble's acute vision to take a closer look and pinpoint the source of the fading.  The second set of observations were part of a large Hubble project that aims to map the connections between young stars and the cold gas clouds from which they form.  Hubble has inspected 38 nearby galaxies, identifying clusters of hot young stars.  These galaxies have also been observed by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), a colossal radio telescope made up of 66 individual dishes perched high in the Chilean Andes.  The combination of Hubble's observations of young stars and ALMA's insight into cold gas clouds will allow astronomers to delve into the details of star formation and paves the way for future science with NASA /ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope.  ?

The spiral galaxy M99, photographed by the Hubble Space Telescope

ESA/Hubble & NASA, Mr. Kasliwal

Many large galaxies have long been thought to lack a huge proportion of matter – but this has now been discovered, and it’s an even bigger problem for our understanding of the universe.

Observations over the past decade have shown that galaxies the size of the Milky Way seem to have far less baryonic matter — that is, normal matter, not dark matter — than we thought. This expectation is based on the ratio of dark matter to regular matter…

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